Pa. DEP Operator eLearning Center

The accumulation of one material on the surface of another material through physical bonds

• (COA01) Coagulation – Part 1: The Chemistry of Coagulation (1248)
• (DBP43) Jar Testing for Process Control of Conventional Filtration: Part 1 (2019)

Consists of additional biological or chemical treatment processes (beyond secondary treatment) that are employed to remove constituents such as nitrogen and phosphorus, that are not reduced significantly as a result of secondary treatment. Any process of water renovation that upgrades treated wastewater to meet specific reuse requirements. May include general cleanup of water or removal of specific parts or wastes insufficiently removed by conventional treatment processes. Typical processes include chemical treatment and pressure filtration.

• (BNR01) Nitrification and Denitrification – An Introduction to Nitrogen Removal (1485)
• (BNR02) Nitrification Factors — Suspended Growth Treatment Systems (1821)
• (BIO10) Estimating Sludge Volume (2343)

The gathering of a gas, liquid, or dissolved substance at the surface at the surface of solid bodies with which they are in contact.

• (DBP40) Enhanced Coagulation – Basics (1280)

A condition in which high levels of dissolved oxygen are made available.

• (BNR01) Nitrification and Denitrification – An Introduction to Nitrogen Removal (1485)
• (BNR02) Nitrification Factors – Suspended Growth Treatment Systems (1821)

Also called aerobes Bacteria that must have molecular (dissolved) oxygen to survive. Bacteria that will live and reproduce only in an environment containing oxygen, which is available for their respiration (breathing), namely atmospheric oxygen or oxygen dissolved in water. Oxygen combined chemically, such as in water molecules (H2O), cannot be used for respiration by aerobic bacteria.

• (BIO10) Estimating Sludge Volume (2343)

 

(DBP40) Enhanced Coagulation – Basics (1280)

1. A measure of the ability of water to neutralize an acid. It is measured in terms of calcium carbonate, CaCO₃, present in the water.
   • (COA01) Coagulation – Part 1: The Chemistry of Coagulation (1248)
   • (COA02) Coagulation – Part 2: Coagulation Chemicals (1249)
   • (DBP40) Enhanced Coagulation – Basics (1280)
   • (DBP43) Jar Testing for Process Control of Conventional Filtration: Part 1 (2019)
2. A measure of the ability of water or wastewater to neutralize acids. It is measured in terms of calcium carbonate, CaCO₃, present in the water. Alkalinity, which is expressed in milligrams per liter of equivalent calcium carbonate, is not the same as pH because water does not have to be strongly basic (high pH) to have a high alkalinity. Alkalinity is a measure of how much acid must be added to a liquid to lower the pH to 4.5.
   • (BNR01) Nitrification and Denitrification – An Introduction to Nitrogen Removal (1485)
   • (BNR02) Nitrification Factors – Suspended Growth Treatment Systems (1821)
3. The capacity of water or wastewater to neutralize acids. This capacity is caused by the water's content of carbonate, bicarbonate, hydroxide and occasionally borate, silicate and phosphate. Alkalinity is expressed in milligrams per liter of equivalent calcium carbonate. Alkalinity is not the same as pH because water does not have to be strongly basic (high pH) to have a high alkalinity. Alkalinity is a measure of how much acid must be added to a liquid to lower the pH to 4.5.
   • (BIO10) Estimating Sludge Volume (2343)

Alternative Compliance Criteria (ACC)— Alternative criteria that can be used to achieve either monthly or annual compliance with the enhanced coagulation requirements of the DBP Rule.

A condition in which dissolved molecular oxygen is not present, however, some chemically bound oxygen may be present.

• (BNR01) Nitrification and Denitrification – An Introduction to Nitrogen Removal (1485)